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Are you interested in a workshop designed to enhance your understanding of stress, worry, and anxiety, offering practical tips too? Check out the ANU Thrive events page for free, in-person or virtual stress workshops facilitated by Mental Illness Education ACT (as well as other events).

How anxiety works

While anxiety can be unpleasant, it is a normal human experience designed to keep us safe.  It often activates when something we care about seems threatened, and will usually pass once the perceived threat has passed.

Sometimes anxiety symptoms don't have an obvious cause (especially if we have been stressed for some time), but the good news is that the symptoms will come and go (they won't stay at 100% for long). 

A counsellor can assist you to process the thoughts and feelings for each of the four stages.

What are the symptoms most commonly experienced?

• a feeling of being on edge and nervous, or having high levels of anxiety
• persistent and irrational fears or excessive worry
• difficulty concentrating and remembering things
• irritability
• trouble sleeping
• avoidance of situations, places, people, activities (including study), thoughts or feelings that trigger anxiety.

The physical symptoms of anxiety may include:

• a pounding heart
• shortness of breath, difficulty breathing or a dry mouth
• tightness in chest
• sweating, trembling, tingling or numbness.

People who experience anxiety over long periods of time can also develop muscle tension and headaches.
 

What do I do if I am experiencing anxiety?

Step 1 - do something

• If you don't do anything, recognise you are in 'freeze' mode.
• Keep in mind the old saying:'If you always do what you have always done, you will always get what you have always got'.

Step 2 - do something different

• Try some or all of the techniques on the ANU Counselling 'Anxiety Management Strategies' section below.
• Sometimes, good strategies become more effective with practice. Give the breathing and moving techniques a few tries before dismissing them.
• Consider doing some activities that reduce anxiety for you on a regular basis. Anxiety is often a patterned response to situations or an underlying trait and may come back.

Step 3 - speak to another human about what you are experiencing

• Any non-judgemental human that you are comfortable with would be a good start.
• Then, aim for someone with some functional and preferably professional skills. They may assist even more.
• This might be someone in your hall of residence, someone in student counselling or someone on the phone at the ANU Wellbeing and Support Line. You may be comfortable speaking to your doctor and then getting a referral if necessary. Depending on the relationship dynamics and their communication skills, speaking to a family member can assist some people greatly.

Anxiety management strategies

This section aims to provide concrete, practical strategies you can use to cope with a wave of anxiety, as well as ongoing habits that will help with long term symptom reduction.

Anxiety can cause us to breathe rapidly.  This is not dangerous (it oxygenates our muscles in case we need to run away), but too much oxygen can make us dizzy and light headed.Slowing and deepening your breath for 3-5 mins is a good antidote.  Try the following:

• Sigh out fully, then breathe in, right down towards your abdomen.
• Focus on making your breathing pattern more even, and lengthening the outbreath.
• Count in for 4, hold for 2, out for 6 -or try a breathing app to help slow you down.

Ongoing:  Practise breathing at 5-6 breaths per minute a few times each day (especially when you are not anxious) to make slow breathing easy and automatic, and reduce overall stress.

Moving and relaxing your body

• Try moving location or posture (for example, straighten up, engage your core muscles, or walk to the kitchen and drink some cold water).
• Do something active that that burns off the adrenalin (for example, walk briskly upstairs, do some star jumps, or go for a run).
• Do something that relaxes tension (for example, tighten and release your muscles, consciously soften and relax, try some gentle stretches, or take a warm shower).

Ongoing: 30 mins of cardio exercise 3-5 days of the week can significantly reduce anxiety. Regular engagement in relaxing activities such as yoga or tai chi can also be very beneficial. Check out the Getting activepage for more.

Looking after your physiological needs

Spend some time thinking about what your body needs. Something to eat or drink? Some quiet time? Warmth?  Fresh air?

Ongoing: Good self-care routines will increase your resilience. Think about your sleep and eating routines, how busy you are, your intake of caffeine, alcohol, drugs, and sugar, as well as exercise.

Grounding in the present moment

• Notice what you can see, hear, feel, smell and taste right now.
• Notice where you are and what day it is, bring to mind the date and your current age.
• Focus on a sensation such as feeling your feet firmly on the ground, holding a cool drink, squeezing a ball, saying Ommm, or putting your hand on your heart.

Ongoing: Learn and practice mindfulness techniques that help you stay connected to the here and now, as anxiety is often about future possibilities that don't eventuate. Check out the Mindfulness page for more information.

Telling yourself you shouldn't be anxious or it's terrible to be anxious can exacerbate symptoms, so instead, experiment with an attitude of gentle curiosity.

• Observe sensations and thoughts like a neutral scientist, e.g. "that's interesting, my heart is beating fast, and my mind is playing out worst case scenarios".
• Imagine breathing into any discomfort, sitting with it rather than battling against it.

Reassuring Thoughts

It may help to experiment with thoughts like:

• "This will pass"
• "I can tolerate this"
• "My fight/flight alarm system has been activated, but I am safe right now"
• "This is just anxiety, anxiety is treatable and I can get help with this"

Ongoing: Many people find it useful to dispute irrational fears and seek evidence for more helpful, balanced thoughts. Others find it works better to just allow the negative thoughts to be there, while re-orienting towards preferred action.

Reach out for support

It is not weak to need other people. Humans survive better in groups, so we are built to feel safer when we are with trusted others.

• Turning to a friend or family member for reassurance, company, or advice can make a positive difference. Even just picturing a loved one and what they might say can help.
• Crisis counsellors are available for you to talk to if you call or text a helpline. 
• If you have a pet, giving them a pat can make a difference.

Ongoing: Joining groups (e.g. a sports team, choir, craft group, or Dungeons and Dragons group) increases our social connectedness and reduces our vulnerability to anxiety. 

Avoid avoidance

Our survival instinct is to avoid threatening situations, but if the challenge is something that we need or want to do (e.g. an exam, or party), avoidance increases anxiety long term.

• Coach yourself where possible to stay with anxiety provoking situations.
• Do this in small doses and practice tolerating the feelings that come up.
• Positive mental rehearsal can help counter anxious fears about what might happen.

Take some positive action

Doing something practical often helps people feel better when anxious. Try the following:

• Practical actions targeting the trigger worry, for example saying no to an unreasonable request.
• Self-care actions to reduce anxiety so you can think more clearly, for example taking 3 deep breaths
• Positive actions that are in line with who you want to be, for example, volunteer work, which can feel satisfying and take your focus away from anxious thinking.

Ongoing: Aim for a healthy balance of activities in your day, including work, rest and fun time. Experiment with slowing down and doing one thing at a time rather than being too busy.

Problem solving

Anxiety will often reduce when we can get clearer about what to do next.

• Spend some time clarifying problems, writing down potential options, evaluating pros and cons, and seeking additional information and advice.
• Scheduling a worry time can help you to free yourself up from unproductive and stressful ongoing worry, by postponing it to the next allotted time.

Further support and resources

If you are feeling immediate distress, or simply want to take the first steps to getting help, the ANU Wellbeing and Support Line (1300 050 327 or SMS 0488 884 170) is a 24-hour support service available to ANU students experiencing situational stress, emotional difficulties and mental health concerns.

ANU Counselling

ANU Counselling offers free one-on-one counselling and group programs to assist students with anxiety. Check out a range of informational resources on their website here.

Seeing a doctor

A doctor can help to identify and begin treating anxious symptoms. They may also be able to assist by referring you to psychological services. See the  at ANU.

Online resources

You might also like to explore how you feel using some of the following professionally developed online tools. These programs can be insightful, and can even be used to treat minor symptoms of anxiety.

• provides free, anonymous assessment and treatment for adults experiencing stress, anxiety, depression, OCD, PTSD, and chronic pain. Find it here: 

•  is like an interactive self-help book which helps you to learn and practise skills which can help to prevent and manage symptoms of depression and anxiety. moodgym was originally developed and evaluated over 15 years by researchers at the Australian ¾«¶«´«Ã½app University. Find it here: . 

• has a range of information, tools, and resources that can assist you learn more about anxiety. This includes a depression and anxiety quiz (checklist) which can help you develop more insight and guide your next steps.

ANU Psychology Clinic

The  offers reduced-rate psychological services to ANU students.

ANU Thrive

Still unsure about anything? If you'd like to discuss or explore your options further, you might like to speak to ANU Thrive. ANU Thrive hosts free weekly drop-in sessions with a student peer mentor, who can talk through the options available to you or provide more information about available services and steps to take. These sessions are offered in-person and online on Wednesdays and Thursdays.